TL431 Shunt Regulator: Datasheet, Circuit and Equivalent

TL431 Adjustable to 36V 100mA 8-Pin Integrated Circuits

Introduction:

The TL431 is a widely used shunt voltage regulator that provides precise voltage references and regulation in various electronic circuits. In this article, we will explore the key features of the TL431, including its datasheet, circuit applications, and equivalent models.

TL431 Description

The TL431 is a three-terminal adjustable shunt regulator with a specified bandgap voltage of 2.5 V. It is used as a reference voltage source in a variety of applications, including power supplies, voltage regulators, and battery chargers. The TL431 can be adjusted to provide a reference voltage between 2.5 V and 36 V by connecting an external resistor between its cathode and anode pins.

TL431 Pinout

TL431 CAD Model

Symbol

Footprint

3D-model

TL431 Features

AEC-Q100 qualified

Adjustable output voltage: 2.5 to 36 V

Sink current capability: 1 to 100 mA

Typical output impedance.0.22 Q

1% and 2% voltage precision

Automotive temp. range -40 °C to +125 °C

TL431 Applications Circuit Applications

Circuit Applications:

The TL431 is commonly used in voltage regulation and precision reference applications. Some key circuit applications of the TL431 include:

2.1. Voltage Regulation:

By connecting the TL431 in shunt configuration across a load, it can regulate the voltage across the load. The TL431 compares the reference voltage with the feedback voltage and adjusts the shunt current to maintain a stable output voltage.

2.2. Precision Reference:

The TL431 can also be used as a precision voltage reference. By connecting a voltage divider across the reference and adjusting the feedback voltage, a precise reference voltage can be obtained.

2.3. Overvoltage Protection:

The TL431 can be used as an overvoltage protection device by monitoring the voltage across a load. If the voltage exceeds a certain threshold, the TL431 triggers and diverts excess current to prevent damage to the load.

TL431 Equivalent Models:

While the TL431 is widely used, there are also equivalent models available from various manufacturers. These equivalent models offer similar functionality and can be used as drop-in replacements for the TL431. Some popular equivalents include:

KA431

LM431

UA431

TL431 Typical Application Circuit

The following is a typical application circuit for the TL431:

In this circuit, the TL431 is used to regulate the output voltage of a 5 V power supply. The output voltage is set to 5 V by adjusting the value of R1. The TL431's cathode is connected to the output of the power supply, and its anode is connected to ground through R2. The TL431's reference voltage is applied to its cathode through R1.

TL431-shunt regulator schematic

TL431-Application schematic

TL431 Functional Block Diagram

TL431 Package

The TL431 is available in a variety of packages, including TO-92, SOT-23, and SOIC.

* The TL431 has a low temperature coefficient of ±50 ppm/°C.

* The TL431 is available in a variety of voltage tolerances, including ±0.5%, ±1%, and ±2%.

* The TL431 is a popular choice for voltage reference applications due to its low cost and high accuracy.## References

* [Texas Instruments TL431 Datasheet](https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/tl431.pdf)

* [On Semiconductor TL431 Datasheet](https://www.onsemi.com/pub/Collateral/TL431-D.PDF)

Datasheet PDF

Please DOWNLOAD the TL431 datasheets and manufacturer documentation.

Conclusion:

The TL431 shunt regulator is a versatile and widely used component in electronic circuits for voltage regulation and precision reference applications. Its datasheet provides detailed technical information, and understanding its circuit applications is crucial for proper integration. The TL431 can be used for voltage regulation, precision reference, and overvoltage protection. Additionally, there are equivalent models available that offer similar functionality. When working with the TL431 or its equivalents, it is important to adhere to proper circuit design practices and refer to the datasheets for accurate specifications and performance parameters.

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